Fexaramine improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by stimulating intestinal FXR / 药学学报

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be a manifestation of metabolic syndrome and has become one of the chronic diseases that endanger health around the world. There is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs in clinical practice. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has been a popular target for NAFLD research in recent years. Fexaramine (Fex) is a potent and selective agonist of FXR, and its mechanism of action to improve NAFLD is unclear. Therefore, in this study, a mouse model of NAFLD was constructed using a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet and treated with Fex orally for 6 weeks. We evaluated the ameliorative effect of Fex on disorders of glucolipid metabolism in NAFLD mice, and preliminarily explored its potential mechanism of action. The animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: PZSHUTCM210913011). In this study, it was found that 100 mg·kg-1 Fex significantly inhibited body weight gain, alleviated insulin resistance, improved liver injury and lipid accumulation in NAFLD mice. The effect of Fex on the expression of hepatic intestinal FXR and its target genes in NAFLD mice was further examined. Analysis of serum and hepatic bile acid profiles and expression related to hepatic lipid metabolism. It was found that Fex could stimulate intestinal FXR, promote fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) secretion, inhibit the expression of cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis in liver, regulate bile acid synthesis by negative feedback, and improve the disorder of bile acid metabolism. At the same time, Fex reduces liver lipid synthesis and absorption, increases fatty acid oxidation, thus improving liver lipid metabolism. This study shows that Fex can improve NAFLD by activating intestinal FXR-FGF15 signal pathway and regulating liver lipid metabolism.

Effect of Angelica dahurica coumarins on the transport behavior of puerarin across blood-brain barrier in vitro and in vivo / 药学学报

A BBB co-culture cell model consisting of rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) and astrocytes (AS) was established to study the effect of Angelica dahurica coumarins on the transport behavior of puerarin across blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro and in vivo. The barrier function of this model was evaluated by measuring the transendothelial resistance, phenol red permeability and BBB related protein expression. The permeability assay and western blot methods were performed to study the effects of Angelica dahurica coumarins on the BBB permeability and the expression of BBB related protein. The animal experiment protocols in this study were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Animal Ethics No.: 2021-1329). The results showed that the established BMEC/AS co-culture model could be used to evaluate drug transport across BBB in vitro. After combined with Angelica dahurica coumarins, the transport capacity of puerarin was significantly increased in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, Angelica dahurica coumarins enhanced BBB permeability and inhibited the protein expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. Angelica dahurica coumarins might increase BBB permeability by inhibiting the expression of P-gp and tight junction protein, thereby increasing the content of puerarin in brain tissue.

Association between childhood maltreatment and the Big Five personality traits in middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The study aimed to explore the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and the Big Five personality traits of middle school students, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the healthy development of middle school students personality.@*Methods@#A total of 5 724 middle school students from Xuancheng, Hefei and Huaibei of Anhui Province were selected by using a multi stage stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey, including demographic characteristics, CM experience and Big Five personality traits. Linear regression analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used to explore the associations between CM and the Big Five personality traits.@*Results@#Physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect of middle school students were significantly associated with conscientiousness ( β = -1.71 --2.55) and neuroticism ( β =1.93-3.87) personality traits( P <0.05). Except physical abuse, all other types of CM were significantly associated with extraversion ( β =-1.04--2.32) and agreeableness ( β =-1.07--1.37) personality traits( P <0.05), and only sexual abuse was associated with openness personality trait( β=-0.70, P <0.05). Except for openness personality trait, the relationship between the number of CM experience and the personality traits of middle school students was statistically significant; there was a dose response relationship between the number of CM experiences and the scores of personality traits each dimension( P < 0.05). In the canonical correlation analysis, the canonical correlation coefficient was -0.375( P <0.05). CM experiences were mainly reflected by emotional abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect (canonical load coefficient was 0.556-0.951). The Big Five personality traits were mainly reflected by neuroticism, conscientiousness and extraversion (canonical load coefficient was -0.702 -0.639).@*Conclusion@#There is a correlation between CM and the personality traits of middle school students, and prevention of CM is of great significance for promoting the healthy development of middle school students personality.

Clinical evaluation of antral septal maxillary sinus floor elevation by the disk-up sinus reamer / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of disk-up sinus reamer (DSR) in maxillary sinus floor elevation with maxillary sinus septum. Methods: Twenty-four patients were included between January 2019 to January 2020 in Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. There were 10 males and 14 females with the age of (39.3±11.7) years old (range 22-56 years). Pre-operative(T0) cone-beam CT (CBCT) was taken for measurement and analysis. All patients were divided into group E (easy situations, septum located anterior to the zygo-matic process), group M (moderate situations, septum located pos-terior to the zygo-matic process) and group D (difficult situations, sagittally oriented septum). The maxillary sinus floor was grafted through the crestal approach by DSR and implants were placed simultaneously. Permanent repair was performed 6-8 months after operation. All patients underwent CBCT before surgery, after surgery immediately (T1), 6 months after surgery(T2), 1 year after surgery(T3), 2 year after surgery(T4). The residual bone height (RBH) and the vertical bone height (VBH) were analyzed. The mucosal perforation rate, implant survival rate were counted. Results: All the 24 patients completed the Maxillary sinus lift surgery successfully and 24 implants were placed simultaneously. All patients had no headache, dizziness. The mucosal perforation rate was 0. The survival rate of implants during the healing period was 100%(24/24). The RBH was (5.81±2.56) mm pre-operation, the VBHT1, VBHT2, VBHT3 and VBHT4 were (11.82±1.09), (10.98±0.52), (10.66±0.44) and (10.40±0.33) mm, respectively. The differences between the groups by pairing test were statistically significant (F=187.70, P0.001), expect VBHT3 and VBHT4 (P=0.071). Bone resorption and remodeling mainly occurred 1 year after surgery. One patient developed peri-implantitis 18 months after surgery. Conclusions: With the RBH of implant site>2 mm and existence of maxillary sinus septum, using DSR for sinus floor elevation has a high success rate. It can obtain enough bone height and complete the simultaneous implantation to form a good osseointegration. The DSR is simple, safe and controllable, and can shorten the operation time.

Neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Re on drosophila model of Parkinson's disease / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of ginsenoside Re(GS-Re) on drosophila model of Parkinson's disease(PD) induced by rotenone(Rot). To be specific, Rot was used to induce PD in drosophilas. Then the drosophilas were grouped and respectively treated(GS-Re: 0.1, 0.4, 1.6 mmol·L~(-1); L-dopa: 80 μmol·L~(-1)). Life span and crawling ability of drosophilas were determined. The brain antioxidant activity [content of catalase(CAT), malondialdehyde(MDA), reactive oxygen species(ROS), superoxide dismutase(SOD)], dopamine(DA) content, and mitochondrial function [content of adenosine triphosphate(ATP), NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B8(NDUFB8) Ⅰ activity, succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B(SDHB) Ⅱ activity] were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The number of DA neurons in the brains of drosophilas was measured with the immunofluorescence method. The levels of NDUFB8 Ⅰ, SDHB Ⅱ, cytochrome C(Cyt C), nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-assaciated X protein(Bax), and cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 in the brain were detected by Western blot. The results showed that model group [475 μmol·L~(-1) Rot(IC_(50))] demonstrated significantly low survival rate, obvious dyskinesia, small number of neurons and low DA content in the brain, high ROS level and MDA content, low content of SOD and CAT, significantly low ATP content, NDUFB8 Ⅰ activity, and SDHB Ⅱ activity, significantly low expression of NDUFB8 Ⅰ, SDHB Ⅱ, and Bcl-2/Bax, large amount of Cyt C released from mitochondria to cytoplasm, low nuclear transfer of Nrf2, and significantly high expression of cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 compared with the control group. GS-Re(0.1, 0.4, and 1.6 mmol·L~(-1)) significantly improved the survival rate of PD drosophilas, alleviated the dyskinesia, increased DA content, reduced the loss of DA neurons, ROS level, and MDA content in brain, improved content of SOD and CAT and antioxidant activity in brain, maintained mitochondrial homeostasis(significantly increased ATP content and activity of NDUFB8 Ⅰ and SDHB Ⅱ, significantly up-regulated expression of NDUFB8 Ⅰ, SDHB Ⅱ, and Bcl-2/Bax), significantly reduced the expression of Cyt C, increased the nuclear transfer of Nrf2, and down-regulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3. In conclusion, GS-Re can significantly relieve the Rot-induced cerebral neurotoxicity in drosophilas. The mechanism may be that GS-Re activates Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, improves antioxidant capacity of brain neurons, then inhibits mitochondria-mediated caspase-3 signaling pathway, and the apoptosis of neuronal cells, thereby exerting the neuroprotective effect.

Correlations between appearance traits and internal quality of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium roots based on theory of "quality evaluation through morphological identification" / 中国中药杂志

It is generally believed that high-quality Bupleurum scorzonerifolium roots possess specific morphological characteristics, being red, robust, and long with strong odor. However, the scientific connotation of these characteristics has not been elucidated. According to the theory of "quality evaluation through morphological identification", we studied the correlations between appearance traits(the RGB value of root surface, root length, root diameter, dry weight, and ratio of phloem to xylem) and content of main chemical components(volatile oils, total saponins, total flavonoids, total polysaccharides, and seven saikosaponins) of B. scorzonerifolium roots. Epson Scanner and ImageJ were used to scan the root samples and measure the appearance traits. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry and HPLC were employed to determine the content of chemical components. The correlation, regression, and cluster analyses were performed to study the correlations between the appearance traits and the content of chemical components. The results showed that the content of volatile oils and saikosaponins were significantly correlated with RGB value, root length, and root diameter, indicating that within a certain range, the roots being redder, longer, and thicker had higher content of volatile oils and saikosaponins. According to the appearance traits and chemical component content, the 14 samples from different producing areas were classified into four grades, and the differences in morphological traits and chemical component content were consistent among different grades. The findings in this study demonstrate that appearance traits(RGB value, root length, and root diameter) can be used to evaluate the quality of B. scorzonerifolium roots. Meanwhile, this study lays a foundation for establishing an objective quality evaluation method for B. scorzonerifolium roots.

Antidepressant mechanism of Shenling Kaixin Granules based on BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the antidepressant mechanism of Shenling Kaixin Granules(SLKX) in treating chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) model rats. Ninety male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Shugan Jieyu Capsules(110 mg·kg~(-1)) group and SLKX low-(90 mg·kg~(-1)), medium-(180 mg·kg~(-1)), and high-dose(360 mg·kg~(-1)) groups. Depression rat model was replicated by CUMS method. After treatment, the behavioral changes of rats were evaluated by sugar preference, open field, elevated cross maze and forced swimming experiments. The contents of interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) in serum were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) in hippocampal CA1 region were also detected. Pathological changes in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, and Western blot was used to determine the expression of nerve growth factor(NGF), BDNF, phospho-tyrosine kinase receptor(p-TrkB)/TrkB, phospho-cAMP-response element binding protein(p-CREB)/CREB, nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1(HO-1), B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax) and caspase-3 in hippocampal CA1 region. RESULTS:: showed that compared with the control group, the model group had decreased sugar preference, reduced number of entries and time spent in the center of open field and shortened total distance of movement, reduced number of entries and proportion of time spent in open arm, and increased number and time of immobility in forced swimming experiment. Additionally, the serum contents of IL-1β and TNF-α and the expression of caspase-3 were higher, while the contents of BDNF and 5-HT, the activities of SOD and CAT in hippocampal CA1 region, the expressions of NGF, BDNF, p-TrkB/TrkB, p-CREB/CREB, HO-1 and Bcl-2/Bax, and the Nrf2 nuclear translocation were lower in model group than in control group. Compared with the conditions in model group, the sugar preference, the number of entries and time spent in the center of open, total distance of movement, and the number of entries and proportion of time spent in open arm in treatment groups were increased while the number and time of immobility in forced swimming experiment were decreased; the serum contents of IL-1β and TNF-α and the expression of caspase-3 were down regulated, while the contents of BDNF and 5-HT, the activities of SOD and CAT in hippocampal CA1 region, the expressions of NGF, BDNF, p-TrkB/TrkB, p-CREB/CREB, HO-1, Bcl-2/Bax, and Nrf2 nuclear translocation were enhanced. In conclusion, SLKX might regulate the Nrf2 nucleus translocation by activating BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway, lower oxidative stress damage in hippocampus, inhibit caspase-3 activity, and reduce apoptosis of hippocampal nerve cells, thereby playing an antidepressant role.

Accuracy and safety of robot assisted pedicle screw placement / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement assisted by orthopedic robot and C-arm fluoroscopy.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 36 patients with spinal diseases underwent surgical treatment from January 2019 to August 2020 was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 18 cases were implanted pedicle screws assisted by orthopaedic robot(observation group), including 12 males and 6 females, aged from 16 to 61 years with an average of (38.44±3.60) years;there were 1 case of adolescent scoliosis, 1 case of spinal tuberculosis, 7 cases of lumbar spondylolisthesis, 4 cases of thoracic fracture and 5 cases of lumbar fracture. Another 18 cases were implanted pedicle screws assisted by C-arm fluoroscopy(control group), including 10 males and 8 females, aged from 18 to 58 years with an average of (43.22±2.53) years;there were 1 case of adolescent scoliosis, 6 cases of lumbar spondylolisthesis, 6 cases of thoracic fracture and 5 cases of lumbar fracture. The intraoperative fluoroscopy times, nail placement time and postoperative complications were recorded in two groups. CT scan was performed after operation. The Gertzbein-Robbins standard was used to evaluate the accuracy of pedicle screw placement which was calculated.@*RESULTS@#The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy in observation group was(6.89±0.20) times, which was significantly higher than that in control group(14.00±0.18)times(P<0.05). The placement time of each screw in observation group was(2.56±0.12) min, which was significantly different from that in control group(4.22±0.17) min (P<0.05). One case of incision infection occurred in control group after operation, and recovered after active dressing change. During the follow-up period, no serious complications such as screw loosening and fracture occurred in two groups, and there was no significant difference in complications between two groups(P>0.05). A total of 107 screws were placed in observation group, including 101 screws in class A, 4 in class B, 2 in class C, 0 in class D and 0 in class E, the accuracy rate of pedicle screw placement=[(number of screws in class A+B) / the number of all screws placed in the group] ×100%=98.1%(105/107); and a total of 104 screws were placed in control group, including 90 screws in class A, 4 in class B, 5 in class C, 5 in class D and 0 in class E, the accuracy rate of pedicle screw implantation=[(number of screws in class A+B/the number of all screws placed in the group]×100%=90.3% (94/104); there was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Orthopaedic robot assisted pedicle screw placement has the advantages of less fluoroscopy times, shorter screw placement time and higher accuracy, which can further improve the surgical safety and has a broad application prospect in the orthopaedic.

Progress of tumor treating fields for glioma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Glioma is a common primary malignant brain neoplasms which is characterized with easy recurrence and poor prognosis. The overall survival of glioma patients is not satisfying. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) is an emerging low-toxicity treatment for solid neoplasms, and its technical basis is to form an anti-tumor electric field in a specific area. TTFields can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells through inhibiting cell mitosis, replicating stress, inducing autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibiting DNA damage and repair, and induce the cell death without affecting normal cells in the resting phase. At present, TTFields has been approved for various types of gliomas and is gradually becoming an effective treatment protocol for glioma following surgery, radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Many preclinical and clinical studies have confirmed that TTFields inhibits glioma cells and significantly increases the overall survival rates of patients.This paper reviews the progress of related researches.

Slow Breathing Training for Hypertension: A Systematic Review / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To evaluate the effects of slow breathing training on hypertension. Methods:Articles about slow breathing training for hypertension were retrieved from CNKI, Wangfang Data, PubMed and Web of Science, until March, 2021. The authors, publishing time, subjects, interventions and courses, and outcome indexes and conclusion were extracted. Results:There were 924 articles returned, and 35 included, which published mainly from 2009 to 2020. The subjects were patients with hypertension, and the outcome index was blood pressure. Conclusion:Slow breathing training may work for hypertension, which associates to baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate variability, sympathetic nerve activity and cardiopulmonary diastolic receptors.

Effect of TSG on GSK3β，PKA and PP2A of APP/PS1/Tau Triple-transgenic Mice Dementia Model / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of tetrahydroxy stilbene glycoside （TSG） on the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3<italic>β </italic>（GSK3<italic>β</italic>）， cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase （PKA） and Serine/threonine phosphatase 2A（PP2A） in the brain of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1/Tau （APP/PS1/Tau） triple-transgenic mice dementia model. Method:A total of forty-five 8-month-old APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group， positive control group （Huperzine-A， 0.15 mg·kg^-1）， low， medium and high dose TSG groups （TSG， 0.033，0.1，0.3 g·kg^-1）， with 9 mice in each group， and another nine C5B7L/6J mice of the same age were selected as normal control group. After 60 days of intragastric administration， the general structure of hippocampal neurons was observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， immunohistochemical （IHC） was used to detect the expression of PKA protein in the brain of mice in each group， the mRNA expression levels of GSK3<italic>β</italic>， PKA and PP2A were detected by real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and protein expression levels of GSK3<italic>β</italic> and PP2A were detected by Western blot. Result:Compared with the normal control group， the apoptosis level of neurons in the model group was significantly increased， the protein and mRNA expression levels of GSK3<italic>β</italic> and PKA were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the protein and mRNA expression levels of PP2A were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the apoptosis level of neurons in each treatment group was significantly down-regulated， the protein and mRNA expression levels of GSK3<italic>β</italic> and PKA were significantly down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the protein and mRNA expression levels of PP2A were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:The mechanism of TSG in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease （AD） may be related to lowering the transcription and expression of GSK3<italic>β</italic> and PKA， increasing the transcription and expression of PP2A.

Clinical study of modified one stage posterior approach total en block spondylectomy and spinal reconstruction in the treatment of invasive thoracic vascular tumor / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the surgical method and safety of modified one stage posterior approach total en block spondylectomy combined with pedicle screw fixation and titanium mesh reconstruction for the treatment of invasive thoracic vascular tumor.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 12 patients with invasive thoracic vasculay tumor from December 2012 to May 2015 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 males and 4 females, aged from 40 to 62 years with an average of 51.2 years, the course of disease was 2 months to 8 years with an average of 3.4 years. The lesions involved vertebral bodies:1 case of T@*RESULTS@#All the operations were successful. The average operation time, intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion were 5.5 h (4.5 to 6.0 h), 1 850 ml (1 650 to 2 500 ml), 1 050 ml (600 to 1 500 ml), respectively. All 12 patients were followed up for 5 months to 2.5 years with an average of 21 months. Local pain and lower limb muscle strength were improved to varying, and the nerve compression symptoms disappeared. The JOA score at 6 months after operation was 12.0±3.4, which was statistically significant difference compared with the preoperative 8.0±2.7 (@*CONCLUSION@#Modified one stage posterior approach total en block spondylectomy is an ideal surgical method for the treatment of invasive thoracic vascular tumors, which has a safe, reliable and long lasting efficacy.

Research on anti-tumor natural product diosgenin / 中国中药杂志

Diosgenin is widely distributed in many plants, such as Polygonatum sibiricum, Paris polyphylla, Dioscorea oppositifolia, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Costus speciosus, Tacca chantrieri, which has good anti-tumor activity and preferable effects on preventing atherosclerosis, protecting the heart, treating diabetes, etc. This review combed through the anti-tumor mechanisms of diosgenin encompassing lung, breast, gallbladder, liver, oral cavity, stomach, bladder, bone marrow, etc. Besides, it was discovered that diosgenin mainly exerts its effect by inhibiting tumor cell migration, suppressing tumor cell proliferation and growth, and inducing cell apoptosis. However, problems like low yield and bioavailability frequently exist in natural diosgenin. This review introduced methods such as structural modification, dosage form optimization and combination medication to improve the yield and anti-tumor activity of diosgenin. Via the summary of this paper, it is expected to provide theoretical basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of diosgenin.

Effect of Mobile Health for Standardized Management on Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the performance of mobile health platform for standardized management of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted,in which 295 women with GDM were randomized into two groups(traditional management group and mobile health management group)by a computer-generated sequence.The traditional management group accepted standardized GDM management,and the mobile health management group was supplemented by mobile health management based on the standardized management.The glycemic control rate and the incidences of low birth weight,macrosomia,preterm birth,premature rupture of membranes,postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section,neonatal asphyxia,malformation,and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit were compared between the two groups. Results The glycemic control rate in mobile health management group was significantly higher than that in the traditional management group [(67.22±22.76)%

Anti-rheumatoid arthritis potential of diterpenoid fraction derived from Rhododendron molle fruits / 中国天然药物

Rhododendron molle G. Don is first recorded in Shengnong's Herbal Classic, and its fruits, which are termed as Liuzhouzi, are often used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese folk. During our ongoing investigation to develop a safer and potential new arthritis therapy, a process for the preparation of diterpenoid fraction from Rhododendron mollefruits was established. In order to evaluate the main components and the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of the diterpenoid fraction, phytochemical and pharmacological experiments were used. As the result, the main components of diterpenoid fraction were identified as rhodojaponin III (1), rhodojaponin VI (2), 2-O-methylrhodojaponin (3), and 5'-β-D-glucopyranosy-loxyjasmonic acid (4). These four components constitute greater than 95% of diterpenoid fraction using area normalization method of HPLC-ELSD. The results of CIA rat experiment showed that high dose of diterpenoid fraction (0.6 mg·kg

The necessity of post-maneuver postural restriction in treating posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a Meta-analytic study / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: We conducted a Meta-analysis to investigate the necessity of postural restrictions after manual reduction in the treatment of posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (PC-BPPV). Methods: We searched PubMed, EBSCO, Proquest, Web of Science databases, Ovid, and screened eligible studies that investigated the effect of post-maneuver postural restriction in treating patients with PC-BPPV. Outcomes included the efficacy of treatment and recurrence. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 software. Results: Studies of the single visit efficiency included 11 references, with a sample size of 1 733 cases. The Meta-analysis results showed that the difference in the efficacy between the postural restricted group and the non-postural restricted group in PC-BPPV patients was statistically significant(RR=1.12, 95%CI=1.07-1.18, P<0.001). There were 12 references included in the study on the total efficiency, with a cumulative sample size of 1763 cases. There was no statistically significant difference between the effect of postural restriction after manipulative reduction and that of simple manipulative reduction (RR=1.03, 95%CI=0.99-1.08, P=0.118). There were 5 references included in the study of recurrence rate, and the cumulative sample size was 659 cases. There was no statistically significant difference in the recurrence rate between the postural restricted group and the non-postural restricted group(RR=0.98, 95%CI=0.62-1.54, P=0.937). Conclusions: In comparison with non-postural restriction group, post-maneuver postural restriction after a single visit can improve the treatment effective rate of PC-BPPV and contribute to the improvement in the symptoms of patients in a short term. However, postural restrictions has no significant effect on the final prognosis of PC-BPPV, and it also has no significant effect on the recurrence.

Halo-pelvic traction combined with stageⅡsurgical correction for the treatment of severe and rigid scoliosis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effects of the Halo-pelvic traction combined with posterior instrumentation correction and internal fixation for the treatment of severe and rigid scoliosis.@*METHODS@#From January 2015 to 2019 May, 16 patients with severe and rigid scoliosis were treated by the Halo-pelvic traction combined with posterior instrumentation correction. There were 7 males and 9 females, aged 14 to 28 years with an average of 17.6 years, Cobb angle was 90° to 140° with an average of (108.84±17.93) °. Including congenital scoliosis in 10 cases (6 cases of dyssegmented scoliosis, 3 cases of dysplasia, 1 case of mixed scoliosis), idiopathic scoliosis in 4 cases and neurofibromatosis in 2 cases. All patients in group had scoliosis corrected by Halo-pelvic distraction combined with posterior instrumentation correction and internal fixation. Among them, 7 cases were treated with self-made guide device for iliac bone puncture, and the other cases with traditional bare hands. The height, scoliosis Cobb angle, kyphosis Cobb angle and correction rate of 16 patients before and after surgery were observed.@*RESULTS@#The body height was corrected from (144.88±6.32) cm to (154.56±7.87) cm ; Cobb angle of scoliosis was corrected from (108.84±17.93) ° to (42.12±7.29) °, Cobb angle of kyphosis was corrected from (64.18±16.39) ° to (33.81±6.06) °. After the Halo pelvic traction, the body height increase, Cobb angle of scoliosis and kyphosis were changed with the mean of (7.06± 5.65) cm, (41.50±9.09)%, (30.52±9.66)%, respectively. After the stage Ⅱ surgical correction, the body height increase, Cobb angle of scoliosis and kyphosis were changed with the mean of (2.63±1.78) cm, (32.47±10.80)%, (15.55±9.47)% (The baseline Cobb angle referenced by the correction rate was the Cobb angle of the previous treatment). The body height increase and correction rate of Cobb angle of scoliosis and kyphosis with staged traction combined with surgery was (9.69±5.42) cm, (61.09 ± 5.03)%, (46.07±8.60)%. There was significant difference in body height increase, correction rate of Cobb angle of scoliosis and kyphosis between before and after each period of treatment (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Treatment of severe and rigid scoliosis with Halo-pelvic traction combined with stage Ⅱ surgical correction can significantly correct deformities and improve appearance, and has fewer surgical complications and strong clinical operability.

Effect of clustered warming intervention on spontaneous hypothermia and coagulation function in patients with emergency trauma / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of clustered warming intervention on spontaneous hypothermia and coagulation function in patients with emergency trauma.Methods:A total of 118 cases of emergency trauma patients admitted from January 2017 to December 2018 in Changzhou Second People′s Hospital were selected as subjects. According to the time of admission, there were 62 cases in the control group from January 2017 to December 2017 and 56 cases in the treatment group from January 2018 to December 2018. The control group used routine emergency nursing intervention and warming measures, and the treatment group combined with clustered warming intervention. The changes of body temperature, coagulation function, spontaneous hypothermia and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results:When entering the Emergency Department and entering the Emergency Department for 60 minutes, the body temperature of the emergency trauma patients in the treatment group were (36.41±0.75) and (36.74±0.65)℃, and the control group were (35.42±0.80) and (35.54±0.76)℃. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t value was 6.914, 9.168, P<0.01). After entering the Emergency Department for 60 minutes, the activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and thrombin time in the treatment group were (35.24±2.25), (13.56±1.02), (17.45±1.52) s, and the control group was (39.45±3.42), (15.12±1.34), (19.20±1.23) s. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t value was 7.802, 7.058, 6093, P<0.01). The incidence of spontaneous hypothermia and duration of hypothermia in the treatment group were 16.07%(9/56), (7.32±1.14) h, and that in the control group was 41.94%(26/62) and (18.42±3.20) h. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 9.432, t value was 24.579, P<0.01). The incidence of chills, infection and death in the observation group was 16.07%(9/56), 7.14%(4/56), and 5.36%(3/56), and that in the control group was 51.61%(32/62), 24.19%(15/62), and 17.74%(11/62). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 16.393, 6.322, 4.316, P< 0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions:Clustered warming intervention can help prevent the risk of spontaneous hypothermia in emergency trauma patients, antagonize coagulation dysfunction and improve patient prognosis.

Research progress on chemical constituents of Rhododendron molle and its pharmacological activities / 中草药

Rhododendron molle is a plant of the Ericaceae family. It is commonly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that its diterpenoids are main medicinal ingredients with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and other pharmacological effects. Through reviewing domestic and foreign literatures, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research progress in the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of R. molle, and briefly prospects research of the titled plant.

Effect analysis of quantified and graded management of health supervision in some public places of Shanghai Pudong New Area / 上海预防医学

Objective In order to strengthen health supervision and management of public places and prevent occurrence of sudden public health events, we explored the effect of quantified and graded management of public places health supervision in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and drew relevant research results, improving the efficiency of supervision and management in public places. Methods In 2018 from Zhuqiao Town of Pudong New Area Zhuqiao, 200 public places were randomly selected for quantified and graded management of health supervision and quantitative grading including public regulations, tobacco control and appliances, cleaning and disinfection procedures, and according to the score of evaluation results, public health levels A, B, C were rated for those public places.Single factor and multi factor conditional logistic regression model were used for comprehensive analysis to identify related factors affecting the quantitative and graded effect of public health supervision. Results With regard to quantitative and graded health supervision, the relevant knowledge in the 200 public places was updated.By univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis of multiple factors were ultimately selected 3 factors for public health supervision and quantitative grading management:with or without a health certificate valid (OR=1.121, P=0.026), with or without ashtrays placed in public places (OR=1.012, P=0.032), with or without health inspection report (OR=1.412, P=0.012). Conclusion The influencing factors of quantifying hygienic supervision in public places are mainly effective health certificates, ashtrays in public places and health inspection reports.In future, health supervision of public places should be enhanced in this regard.